DEVELOPMENT POLICY FOR THE MERAH PUTIH VILLAGE COOPERATIVE: A PERSPECTIVE ON THE CONSTITUTION AND COMMUNITY WELFARE

Abstract

The Red and White Village/Village Cooperative (KDMP) is a national policy that targets the establishment of 80,000 cooperatives through Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2025. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the policy with Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and its contribution to the welfare of village communities. The research uses normative legal methods with legislative, case, comparative, theoretical, and philosophical approaches. Primary and secondary legal materials are analyzed qualitatively-prescriptively with the framework of thesis dialectic, antithesis, and synthesis. The results of the study show that KDMP has strong constitutional legitimacy, but its implementation faces problems in the form of weak legal position and certainty of policy instruments, tensions between the mobilization approach from above and the principles of voluntariness and cooperative democracy, the dependence of financing schemes on Village Funds that have the potential to erode village autonomy, as well as fiscal risks and limited governance capacity. The research recommends strengthening the legal basis through the reform of the Cooperative Law, reconstruction of risk-sharing-based financing schemes, strengthening governance and supervision, and measuring the impact of welfare on a sustainable basis.