SENGKETA NINE DASH LINE DI LAUT NATUNA UTARA : STRATEGI KEDAULATAN DIPLOMASI

Abstract

Conflict in the North Natuna Sea hinders Indonesia's maritime sovereignty due to the unilateral claims of the People's Republic of China through the Nine-Dash Line map, which contradicts Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) under the 1982 UNCLOS ratified through Law No. 17 of 1985. Repeated violations by Chinese coastguard vessels and fishermen in Indonesia's EEZ threaten regional stability, necessitating a firm response through diplomacy, law enforcement, and defense strengthening. This study uses a normative legal approach with policy analysis, collecting data from the 1982 UNCLOS, the 1957 Djuanda Declaration, national regulations, and the 2016 Arbitration Award. The main focus is the North Natuna Sea dispute, with an evaluation of Indonesia's strategies such as law-based diplomacy, the Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) concept, and ASEAN cooperation to uphold maritime sovereignty. The research aims to analyze the legal-political conflict with China, the effectiveness of Indonesia's diplomatic and defense efforts in accordance with international law principles, and its implications for policymakers. The study's findings indicate that Indonesia's consistency in upholding international law and diplomacy, supported by defense preparedness, is a key factor in sustainably maintaining maritime and air sovereignty.